iran

Iran continues to enrich uranium close to weapons-grade levels at a steady pace, while efforts to enhance its cooperation with the U.N. nuclear watchdog remain stalled, according to two confidential reports from the watchdog revealed on Monday.

The International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) is encountering multiple challenges in Iran, including the limited implementation of measures that IAEA chief Rafael Grossi believed Iran had agreed to in a “Joint Statement” on cooperation last year.

“There has been no progress in the past year towards implementing the Joint Statement of 4 March 2023,” stated one of the reports to member states, both of which were obtained by Reuters.

Grossi visited Iran earlier this month for discussions with Iranian officials aimed at boosting cooperation and IAEA monitoring. However, follow-up talks have stalled following the death of Iranian President Ebrahim Raisi in a helicopter crash last week.

“The Director General reiterates to the new government of Iran his call for, and disposition to continue with, the high-level dialogue and ensuing technical exchanges commenced … on 6-7 May 2024,” the report added.

It has been 18 months since the IAEA’s 35-nation Board of Governors last passed a resolution against Iran, urging it to urgently cooperate with a long-standing IAEA investigation into uranium particles found at three undeclared sites. Although the number of sites has been reduced to two, Iran has yet to explain how the traces appeared.

“The Director General regrets that the outstanding safeguards issues have not been resolved,” the report noted, referring to these unresolved traces.

France and Britain are advocating for a new resolution at next week’s Board meeting, which the United States has not yet supported, according to diplomats. Iran typically reacts to such resolutions with nuclear-related actions.

The other report indicated that Iran’s stockpile of uranium enriched up to 60% purity, nearing the 90% required for weapons-grade, increased by 20.6 kg over the quarter to 142.1 kg as of May 11, although Iran later diluted 5.9 kg to a lower enrichment level.

This suggests that Iran now has enough material enriched up to 60% purity, which if further enriched, could theoretically produce three nuclear weapons, based on an IAEA standard. It possesses even more material at lower enrichment levels.

Western powers argue that there is no credible civilian justification for Iran to enrich to this level. Iran maintains that its nuclear activities are for peaceful purposes.

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